Irrigation: Canals and Projects

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Irrigation: Canals and Projects

37 dams, barrages and canals, each with its river and the states that share it.

On this map (37)

Bhakra–Nangal Project · Himachal Pradesh — Sutlej · Govind Sagar. On the SUTLEJ — Bhakra dam (Bilaspur, HP), reservoir Govind Sagar
Pong Dam · Himachal Pradesh — Beas · feeds IGNP. On the BEAS — its water goes to the Indira Gandhi Canal (UPPCS); reservoir is a Ramsar site
Harike Barrage · Punjab — Sutlej + Beas meet · IGNP head. Where the Sutlej and Beas meet — the Indira Gandhi Canal starts here (UPPCS)
Indira Gandhi Canal (Rajasthan Canal) · Rajasthan — Longest canal of India. India’s longest canal — greens the Thar (Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jaisalmer)
Ranjit Sagar (Thein) Dam · Punjab — Ravi. On the RAVI, Punjab–J&K border (UPPCS)
Tulbul Navigation Project · Jammu & Kashmir — Jhelum · Wular lake. On the JHELUM at the mouth of Wular lake (UPPCS) — stalled over the Indus Waters Treaty
Baglihar and Dul Hasti (Chenab) · Jammu & Kashmir — Chenab · hydro. Baglihar (UPPCS) and Dul Hasti (UPSC 2008) are both on the CHENAB
Tehri Dam · Uttarakhand — Bhagirathi + Bhilangana · tallest. India’s TALLEST dam (~260 m) — on the Bhagirathi at its meeting with the Bhilangana (UPPCS)
Upper Ganga Canal · Uttarakhand — Ganga · 1854. Starts at Haridwar (1854, Proby Cautley) — irrigates the Ganga–Yamuna doab
Kishau Dam · Uttarakhand — Tons · UK + HP. On the Tons — Uttarakhand and Himachal signed the pact on 20 June 2015 (UPPCS)
Rihand Dam — Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar · Uttar Pradesh — Rihand (Son tributary). Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar reservoir — Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh (UPPCS)
Rajghat (Rani Laxmibai) Dam · Uttar Pradesh — Betwa · UP + MP. On the BETWA — joint UP–MP project; also called Rani Laxmibai Dam (UPPCS)
Ken–Betwa River Link · Madhya Pradesh — First river-link project. India’s FIRST river inter-linking project (Daudhan dam on the Ken, Panna); foundation stone December 2024
Bansagar Project · Madhya Pradesh — Son · MP + UP + Bihar. On the SON (UPPCS) — shared by MP, UP and Bihar
Kosi Project · Bihar — Kosi · “sorrow of Bihar”. Tames the Kosi, the “sorrow of Bihar” — barrage at Bhimnagar in Nepal (India–Nepal)
Farakka Barrage · West Bengal — Ganga · feeds the Hooghly. Built to keep enough water in the Hooghly for Kolkata port (UPPCS)
Damodar Valley Corporation · Jharkhand — Damodar · first multipurpose. India’s first multipurpose project (1948), on the USA’s Tennessee Valley model
Chambal Project — Gandhi Sagar · Madhya Pradesh — Chambal · MP + Rajasthan. Chambal project = Gandhi Sagar (MP) + Rana Pratap Sagar + Jawahar Sagar + Kota barrage (Rajasthan)
Indira Sagar Dam · Madhya Pradesh — Narmada · Harsud drowned. On the Narmada — India’s largest reservoir by volume; Harsud town went under (UPPCS)
Omkareshwar Project · Madhya Pradesh — Narmada · floating solar. On the Narmada (UPSC 2008) — now also a big floating solar park
Sardar Sarovar Project · Gujarat — Narmada · 4 states. On the NARMADA at Kevadia; benefits Gujarat, MP, Maharashtra, Rajasthan (UPPCS)
Ukai Dam · Gujarat — Tapi. On the Tapi, Gujarat (UPPCS)
Kalpasar Project · Gujarat — Gulf of Khambhat. Dam across the Gulf of Khambhat to hold sweet water (UPPCS)
Hirakud Dam · Odisha — Mahanadi · longest earthen. On the MAHANADI near Sambalpur — among the world’s longest earthen dams
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam · Telangana — Krishna · TG–AP border. On the KRISHNA (UPPCS: “Nagarjuna Sagar–Godavari” is the wrong pair)
Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project · Telangana — Godavari · lift. On the Godavari — the world’s largest multi-stage LIFT irrigation scheme (2019)
Sriram Sagar (Pochampad) Project · Telangana — Godavari. On the Godavari, Nizamabad (UPPCS)
Polavaram Project · Andhra Pradesh — Godavari · national project. On the Godavari — a National Project; links to the Krishna
Telugu Ganga Project · Andhra Pradesh — Krishna water → Chennai. Brings Krishna water to Chennai — inter-state co-operation (UPPCS: TN, AP, Karnataka)
Tungabhadra Dam · Karnataka — Tungabhadra · Hosapete. Hosapete, Karnataka — Karnataka + Andhra share it
Sharavathi Project / Shivanasamudra · Karnataka — Hydro · Karnataka. Sharavathi project is at Jog falls (UPPCS)
Mettur Dam · Tamil Nadu — Cauvery · Stanley reservoir. On the Cauvery — Stanley reservoir, Tamil Nadu
Buckingham Canal · Tamil Nadu — Coastal canal · navigation. Salt-water navigation canal along the Coromandel coast, AP to TN — main use: boating (UPPCS)
Idukki Arch Dam · Kerala — Periyar · arch dam. Arch dam on the PERIYAR; Cheruthoni dam is also on the Periyar (UPPCS)
Malampuzha Dam · Kerala — Malampuzha river (Bharathapuzha). On the Malampuzha river, Palakkad (UPPCS); Mangalam project is also in Kerala
Koyna Hydro Project · Maharashtra — Koyna · big hydro. Among India’s largest hydro stations (UPSC 1979); reservoir-induced Koynanagar earthquake (1967)
Girna Project · Maharashtra — Girna (Tapi tributary). Multipurpose project in Maharashtra (UPSC 2005 pair, UPPCS)

Asked in exams

UPPCSBhakra-Nangal is a joint project of → Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan
UPPCSNot related to the Chambal project → Govind Sagar
UPPCSWhich project uses Beas water from Pong Dam? → Indira Gandhi Canal
UPPCSOrigin of the Indira Gandhi Canal → Harike Barrage
UPSC 2000Not true → Ghaggar’s water is used in the Indira Gandhi Canal
UPSC 1991Source of water for the Rajasthan canal → Sutlej
UPPCSRajasthan canal originates from → Sutlej
UPPCSRanjit Sagar dam is on → Ravi
UPPCSTulbul project is on → Jhelum
UPSC 2008Dul Hasti Power Station is on → Chenab
UPPCSBaglihar is built on → Chenab
UPPCSTehri dam is at the confluence of → Bhagirathi and Bhilangana
UPPCSTehri Hydropower Complex is on → Bhagirathi
UPPCSKishau Dam agreement (20 June 2015) → Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh
UPPCSGovind Ballabh Pant Sagar reservoir → Uttar Pradesh
UPPCSRajghat project of UP and MP is on → Betwa
UPPCSRani Laxmi Bai Dam is on → Betwa
UPPCSBansagar project is on → Son
UPPCSFarakka barrage was built → to keep enough flow in the Hooghly
UPPCSCanal taken out of the Damodar → Eden canal
UPPCSNot correctly matched → Tilaiya Dam – Konar (Tilaiya is on the Barakar)
UPSC 2005Gandhi Sagar Dam is part of → Chambal Project
UPPCSBenefits more than one state → Chambal Valley Project
UPPCSHarsud town is submerged in → Indira Sagar
UPSC 2008Omkareshwar Project is on → Narmada
UPPCSStates benefiting from Sardar Sarovar → Gujarat, Maharashtra, MP, Rajasthan
UPPCSSardar Sarovar is on → Narmada
UPPCSUkai project is in → Gujarat
UPPCSKalpasar sweet-water project is in → Gujarat
UPPCSNagarjuna Sagar is on → Krishna
UPPCSWrong pair → Nagarjuna Sagar – Godavari
UPPCSPochampadu project is on → Godavari
UPPCSTelugu Ganga — inter-state co-operation between → AP and Tamil Nadu
UPSC 2022Vijayanagara ruler who dammed the Tungabhadra with a canal-aqueduct to the capital
UPPCSSharavathi project is located on → Jog fall
UPPCSWrong pair → Shivanasamudra – Kerala (it is Karnataka)
UPPCSMain function of the Buckingham canal → boating
UPPCSCheruthoni Dam is on → Periyar
UPSC 1996Idukki–thermal ✗; Sabarigiri–hydro ✓; Ghatprabha–irrigation ✓; Ramganga–multipurpose ✓
UPPCSMalampuzha dam is on → Malampuzha river
UPPCSMangalam irrigation project → Kerala
UPSC 1979Hydro project producing maximum power (then) → Koyna
UPSC 2005Damanganga–Gujarat, Girna–Maharashtra, Pamba–Kerala → all correct
UPPCSGirna Multi-Purpose Project → Maharashtra

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