Energy: Power and Oil

43 sites — every nuclear plant, the big coal plants, Bhadla to Khavda, oil fields from Digboi to Mumbai High, and the refineries.

On this map (43)

Tarapur Atomic Power Station · Maharashtra — Nuclear · Palghar. India’s FIRST nuclear power plant (1969), built with US help (boiling-water reactors)
Jaitapur (planned) · Maharashtra — Nuclear · Ratnagiri · planned. Planned with France (EPR reactors) — would be the world’s biggest nuclear site; not built yet
Thal (heavy water + fertiliser) · Maharashtra — Heavy water · Raigad. Heavy-water and fertiliser (RCF) plant — Thal → Maharashtra (UPSC 2005)
Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (Rawatbhata) · Rajasthan — Nuclear · Chittorgarh. Next to Rana Pratap Sagar on the Chambal; CANDU-type heavy-water reactors
Narora Atomic Power Station · Uttar Pradesh — Nuclear · Bulandshahr. On the Ganga; the only nuclear plant in the Indo-Gangetic plain
Gorakhpur Haryana Anu Vidyut Pariyojana · Haryana — Nuclear · Fatehabad · being built. Indigenous 700 MW PHWRs being built in Fatehabad, Haryana — not Gorakhpur in UP
Kakrapar Atomic Power Station · Gujarat — Nuclear · Tapi. Kakrapar → Gujarat (UPSC 2005)
Kaiga Generating Station · Karnataka — Nuclear · Uttara Kannada. Kaiga → Karnataka (UPSC 2005); a unit set a world record for continuous running (2018)
Kalpakkam (MAPS + PFBR) · Tamil Nadu — Nuclear · stage two. Kalpakkam → atomic power (UPSC 1984)
Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant · Tamil Nadu — Nuclear · Tirunelveli · Russia. Russian VVER reactors (1,000 MW each) — India’s largest nuclear plant, more units being added
Manuguru Heavy Water Plant · Telangana — Heavy water · Bhadradri. India’s largest heavy-water plant; Manuguru → Andhra Pradesh (UPSC 2005, now Telangana)
Vindhyachal Super Thermal Power Station · Madhya Pradesh — Coal · Singrauli. NTPC, ~4,760 MW — India’s largest coal power plant
Korba · Chhattisgarh — Coal power + aluminium. Pit-head power plants on the Korba coalfield
Talcher · Odisha — Coal power + coal gasification. NTPC Talcher on the Mahanadi coalfield; coal-gasification fertiliser plant being revived
Bokaro Thermal Power Station · Jharkhand — Coal · DVC. Damodar Valley Corporation plant — Jharkhand (UPSC 2003)
Ramagundam · Telangana — Coal power + floating solar. NTPC super thermal plant on the Godavari (Singareni coal)
Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station · Maharashtra — Coal · Wardha valley. On the Wardha valley coalfield; one of India’s most polluted industrial clusters
Mundra (Tata + Adani plants) · Gujarat — Imported coal · seawater cooled. Private coastal plants on imported coal, cooled with SEAWATER
Neyveli (lignite) · Tamil Nadu — Lignite · Cuddalore. India’s main lignite mines and power plants
Bhadla Solar Park · Rajasthan — Solar · Jodhpur. ~2,245 MW in the Thar — among the world’s largest single solar parks
Shahgarh gas field · Rajasthan — Gas · Jaisalmer. Shahgarh (Jaisalmer) in the news for high-quality gas reserves (UPSC 2007)
Khavda Renewable Energy Park · Gujarat — Solar + wind · Rann of Kutch. ~30 GW solar + wind planned on the Rann of Kutch — the world’s largest renewable park when complete
Rewa Ultra Mega Solar · Madhya Pradesh — Solar · Rewa. 750 MW; it supplies power to the Delhi Metro — an inter-state first
Pavagada Solar Park (Shakti Sthala) · Karnataka — Solar · Tumakuru. ~2,000 MW; farmers lease their land and get annual rent
Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar Park · Andhra Pradesh — Solar · Kurnool. ~1,000 MW ultra-mega solar park
Cochin International Airport · Kerala — Fully solar-powered. First airport in the world to run fully on solar (2015) — Kerala ✓ (UPSC 2023)
Muppandal Wind Farm · Tamil Nadu — Wind · Kanyakumari. One of India’s largest onshore wind farms; winds squeeze through the Aralvaimozhi gap
Puga Valley · Ladakh — Geothermal · Ladakh. Hot springs of Changthang; ONGC’s pilot geothermal project, India’s first
Digboi · Assam — Oil field + oldest refinery. Oil struck 1889; Asia’s oldest working refinery (1901)
Naharkatia and Moran oil fields · Assam — Oil · upper Assam. Brahmaputra valley oil fields → Naharkatia and Moran ✓ (UPSC 1990)
Ankleshwar oil field · Gujarat — Oil · Cambay basin. Onshore oil of the Cambay basin (UPSC 1989); Cambay also has shale gas (UPSC 2016)
Mumbai High · Maharashtra — Offshore oil · Arabian Sea. Offshore field ~160 km from Mumbai, found 1974 — still India’s largest producer
Barmer basin — Mangala field · Rajasthan — Oil · Rajasthan. Cairn’s Mangala field (2004) — India’s biggest onshore oil discovery in decades
Krishna–Godavari basin · Andhra Pradesh — Offshore gas. Deep-water gas fields (KG-D6); Rawa block (UPSC 1999); shale gas too (UPSC 2016)
Narimanam oil field · Tamil Nadu — Oil · Cauvery delta. Narimanam → Cauvery delta (UPSC 1987)
Jamnagar Refinery · Gujarat — Refinery · Reliance. Reliance’s twin refineries — the world’s largest refining complex, on the coast because crude is imported (UPSC 1981)
Koyali (Gujarat Refinery) · Gujarat — Refinery + petrochemicals · Vadodara. IOCL refinery and petrochemical complex (UPSC 1986)
Mathura Refinery · Uttar Pradesh — Refinery · near Agra. Its emissions (with thermal plants) raised fears of acid rain on the Taj (UPSC 1994) → Taj Trapezium Zone
Panipat Refinery · Haryana — Refinery + 2G ethanol. Inland IOCL refinery fed by pipeline; India’s first 2G ethanol plant from rice straw (2022)
Barauni Refinery · Bihar — Refinery · Begusarai. Built in the 1960s with Soviet help; originally ran on Assam crude
Bina Refinery · Madhya Pradesh — Refinery · Sagar. Inland BPCL refinery fed by pipeline from Vadinar (Gujarat)
Numaligarh Refinery · Assam — Refinery · Golaghat. Set up under the 1985 Assam Accord; bamboo-based bio-ethanol plant added
Padur Strategic Petroleum Reserve · Karnataka — Underground crude store · Udupi. Rock-cavern crude storage for emergencies; the others are at Visakhapatnam and Mangaluru

Asked in exams

UPSC 2005Thal → Maharashtra
UPSC 2005Kakrapar → Gujarat
UPSC 2005Kaiga → Karnataka
UPSC 1984Kalpakkam → atomic power plant
UPSC 2005Manuguru → Andhra Pradesh
UPSC 1984Korba → aluminium
UPSC 1998Korba → aluminium
UPSC 2007BALCO → Korba
UPSC 2003Bokaro thermal power plant → Jharkhand
UPSC 2023Goa has the largest floating solar ✗
UPSC 2023No coal plant uses seawater / none private → false
UPSC 1993Neyveli is fed by Tertiary coal
UPSC 1984Lignite → Neyveli
UPSC 1988Apart from Neyveli, lignite → Gujarat
UPSC 2023Gujarat has the largest solar park ✗
UPSC 2007Shahgarh (Jaisalmer) → high-quality gas reserves
UPSC 2023Kerala has a fully solar-powered international airport ✓
UPSC 1990Brahmaputra valley oil fields → Naharkatia and Moran
UPSC 1989Ankleshwar → oil
UPSC 2016Shale gas → Cambay, Cauvery, KG
UPSC 1999Rawa offshore block → Krishna–Godavari
UPSC 1987Narimanam oil field → Cauvery delta
UPSC 1981Refineries near seaports → crude is imported
UPSC 1998Jamnagar → woollen textiles (match-list)
UPSC 1986Koyali → petro-chemical complex
UPSC 1994Taj threat from Mathura refinery → acid rain + tropospheric ozone

Solve Indian Geography PYQs →More Indian Geography maps Telegram YouTube